E ai ki te pūrongo rangahau, i te tau 2020, i tāpirihia he 41,000 ngā karetao pūkoro ahumahi hou ki te mākete Haina, he pikinga 22.75% mai i te tau 2019. I eke ngā hoko mākete ki te 7.68 piriona yuan, he pikinga tau-ki-te-tau o te 24.4%.
I ēnei rā, ko ngā momo karetao nekeneke ahumahi e rua e kōrerohia ana i te mākete ko ngā AGV me ngā AMR. Engari kāore anō kia mōhiotia e te marea te rerekētanga i waenganui i ngā mea e rua, nō reira ka whakamāramahia e te ētita mā roto i tēnei tuhinga.
1. Te whakamārama ariā
-AGV
Ko te AGV (Automated Guided Vehicle) he waka ārahi aunoa, e pā ana ki tētahi waka kawe aunoa e hangai ana ki ngā hangarau tūnga me te whakatere rerekē, me te kore e hiahiatia he taraiwa tangata.
I te tau 1953, i puta mai te AGV tuatahi, ā, ka tīmata te whakamahi mārire ki te hanga ahumahi, nō reira ka taea te tautuhi i te AGV hei: waka e whakaoti ana i te raruraru o te whakahaere me te kawe waka kore tangata i roto i te mara o te kawe waka ahumahi. Ko ngā AGV o mua i tautuhia ko "ngā kaikawe e neke ana i ngā rārangi aratohu kua whakatakotoria ki runga i te whenua." Ahakoa kua neke atu i te 40 tau te whanaketanga, me whakamahi tonu ngā AGV i te arataki hikohiko, te arataki pae arataki aukume, te arataki waehere rua-ahu me ētahi atu hangarau hei tautoko whakatere.
-AMR
Ko te AMR, arā, he karetao pūkoro motuhake. Ko te tikanga, e pā ana ki ngā karetao whare putunga ka taea te whakanoho me te whakatere motuhake.
E whakarōpūtia ana ngā karetao AGV me AMR hei karetao pūkoro ahumahi, ā, i tīmata wawe ngā AGV i ngā AMR, engari kei te hopu haere ngā AMR i tētahi wāhanga mākete nui ake me ō rātou painga ahurei. Mai i te tau 2019, kua whakaaetia haeretia te AMR e te marea. Mai i te tirohanga o te hanganga rahi o te mākete, ka piki ake te ōwehenga o te AMR i roto i ngā karetao pūkoro ahumahi i ia tau, ā, e matapaetia ana ka eke ki te neke atu i te 40% i te tau 2024, ā, neke atu i te 45% o te mākete i te tau 2025.
2. Te Whakataurite i ngā Painga
1). Te whakatere motuhake:
He taputapu aunoa te AGV e hiahia ana ki te mahi i ngā mahi i runga i te ara kua whakaritea, me ngā tohutohu kua whakaritea, ā, kāore e taea te aro ngāwari ki ngā huringa o te papaanga.
Ko te nuinga o te wā, ka whakamahia e AMR te hangarau whakatere taiaho SLAM, ka taea te tautuhi motuhake i te mahere o te taiao, kāore e hiahiatia kia whakawhirinaki ki ngā whakaurunga tūnga āwhina o waho, ka taea te whakatere motuhake, ka kitea aunoa te ara kohi pai rawa atu, ā, ka karo kaha i ngā arai, ā, ka haere aunoa ki te puranga utu ina tae te hiko ki te wāhi tino nui. Ka taea e AMR te mahi i ngā whakahau mahi katoa kua tohaina me te mohio me te ngāwari.
2). Te whakatinanatanga ngāwari:
I roto i te maha o ngā āhuatanga e hiahia ana ki te whakahaere ngāwari, kāore e taea e ngā AGV te whakarerekē ngāwari i te rārangi oma, ā, he ngāwari te aukati i te rārangi aratohu i te wā e mahi ana i ngā mīhini maha, ā, ka pāngia te whai huatanga o te mahi, nō reira kāore i te teitei te ngāwari o te AGV, ā, kāore e taea te whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o te taha tono.
Ka whakahaerehia e AMR he mahere whakatinanatanga ngāwari ki tētahi wāhi e taea ana i roto i te awhe mahere, mena he nui te whānui o te awa, ka taea e ngā umanga whakahaere te whakarerekē i te maha o ngā mahi karetao i te wā tūturu kia rite ki te nui o ngā ota, me te whakahaere i ngā whakaritenga mahi ā-pūrua kia rite ki ngā hiahia tūturu o ngā kiritaki kia nui ake ai te whai huatanga o te mahi maha-mīhini. Hei tāpiri, i te mea kei te tipu haere tonu ngā rahinga pakihi, ka taea e ngā kamupene whakahaere te whakawhānui ake i ngā tono AMR i tētahi utu hou tino iti.
3). Ngā horopaki tono
He rite a AGV ki te "tangata taputapu" kāore ōna ake whakaaro, he pai mō te kawe waka mai i te wāhi ki te wāhi me te pakihi pumau, te pakihi māmā me te rahinga pakihi iti.
He pai ake te AMR mō ngā taiao tirohanga hihiri me te uaua, nā te mea he nui te rohe whakahaere, he mārama ake te painga utu whakatinanatanga o te AMR.
4). Te hokinga mai o te haumitanga
Ko tētahi o ngā mea matua me whai whakaaro e ngā kamupene kawe taonga i te wā e whakahou ana i ā rātou whare putunga ko te hokinga mai o te haumitanga.
Te tirohanga utu: Me whakahou nui ngā AGV i te whare putunga i te wā whakatinanatanga kia tutuki ai ngā tikanga whakahaere o ngā AGV. Kāore e hiahiatia he whakarerekētanga ki te tahora o te whare mō ngā AMR, ā, ka taea te whakahaere, te kohi rānei i ngā mea i roto i te wā poto me te ngāwari. Ka taea e te aratau mahi tahi a te tangata me te mīhini te whakaiti i te maha o ngā kaimahi, ā, ka whakaitihia ngā utu mahi. Ka tino whakaitihia hoki ngā utu whakangungu e te tukanga karetao ngāwari ki te whakahaere.
Tirohanga Whai Hua: Ka whakaitihia e te AMR te tawhiti hikoi a ngā kaimahi, ka taea e ngā kaimahi te arotahi ki ngā mahi whai hua nui ake, ā, ka whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te mahi. I taua wā anō, ka whakatinanahia te wāhanga katoa mai i te tukunga o ngā mahi ki te otinga o te whakahaere pūnaha me te aroturuki, ka taea ai te whakaiti i te auau hapa o ngā mahi a ngā kaimahi.
3. Kua Tae Mai te Ao o Muri Mai
Ko te whanaketanga kaha o te umanga AMR, e whakawhirinaki ana ki te papamuri o te whakahoutanga atamai i raro i te ngaru o ngā wā nunui, e kore e taea te wehe atu i te tūhuratanga tonu me te ahunga whakamua tonu o ngā tāngata o te umanga. E matapaetia ana e Interact Analysis ka neke atu te mākete karetao pūkoro o te ao i te $10.5 piriona i te tau 2023, ko te tipu matua e ahu mai ana i Haina me te Hononga o Amerika, kei reira ngā kamupene AMR kei te Hononga o Amerika e 48% o te mākete.
Wā tuku: Maehe-25-2023